MP Board 10th English Footprints without Feet The Thief’s Story By Ruskin Bond

Footprints without Feet The Thief’s Story By Ruskin Bond

कठिन शब्दों के अर्थ (Meaning of Difficult Words)

  • Fairly successful hand (काफी सफल चोर): चोरी के काम में काफी अनुभवी और सफल होना।
  • Lean (दुबला): पतला।
  • Flattery (चापलूसी): किसी की झूठी तारीफ करना, खासकर अपना काम निकालने के लिए।
  • Modestly (विनम्रता से): विनम्र भाव से।
  • Grunting (घुर्राना): पहलवानों द्वारा ज़ोर लगाते समय निकाली जाने वाली भारी आवाज़।
  • Appealing (आकर्षक): मन को मोह लेने वाला।
  • Misjudged (गलत समझना): किसी व्यक्ति के बारे में गलत राय बना लेना।
  • Fits and starts (अनियमित रूप से): कोई काम जो लगातार न हो, रुक-रुक कर हो।
  • Queer (अजीब): विचित्र या असामान्य।
  • Tuck (खिसकाना/दबाना): किसी चीज़ को सुरक्षित रखने के लिए किसी दूसरी चीज़ के नीचे दबाना।
  • Unlined (झुर्रियों रहित): चेहरे पर कोई शिकन या रेखा न होना।
  • Deserted (सुनसान): जहाँ कोई व्यक्ति न हो, वीरान।
  • Drizzle (बूँदा-बाँदी): हल्की बारिश।
  • Undetected (बिना पता चले): जिसे कोई देख या पकड़ न पाए।

पात्रों का विस्तृत विश्लेषण (Detailed Character Analysis) 🧑‍🤝‍🧑

हरि सिंह (Hari Singh):

Footprints without Feet The Thief’s Story By Ruskin Bond : हरि सिंह सिर्फ एक चोर नहीं है; वह इंसानी मनोविज्ञान का एक चतुर पारखी भी है। वह जानता है कि “a little flattery helps in making friends” (थोड़ी चापलूसी दोस्त बनाने में मदद करती है)। वह लोगों के चेहरों को पढ़ने की क्षमता रखता है, जैसा कि वह बताता है कि चोरी होने पर लालची आदमी डर, अमीर आदमी गुस्सा और गरीब आदमी स्वीकृति दिखाता है।

शुरुआत में, वह पूरी तरह से अपने स्वार्थ से प्रेरित है। उसका एकमात्र लक्ष्य अनिल का विश्वास जीतकर उसे लूटना है। लेकिन अनिल का trusting (भरोसेमंद) स्वभाव उसे दुविधा में डाल देता है। अनिल उसे घर की चाबी दे देता है, उसे पढ़ना-लिखना सिखाता है, और उसकी छोटी-मोटी चोरियों को “did not seem to mind” (नजरअंदाज कर देता है)। यह बिना शर्त वाला विश्वास हरि के लिए एक नया अनुभव है, और यही विश्वास उसके लिए चोरी करना मुश्किल बना देता है।

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अनिल (Anil):

अनिल कहानी का नैतिक केंद्र है। वह एक struggling writer (संघर्षरत लेखक) है जो बहुत कम पैसे कमाता है, फिर भी वह दयालु और उदार है। उसका चरित्र दिखाता है कि अमीर होने का मतलब पैसे वाला होना नहीं है। वह हरि में कुछ अच्छा देखता है और उसे एक बेहतर इंसान बनने का मौका देना चाहता है।

कहानी के अंत में अनिल का व्यवहार उसकी महानता को दर्शाता है। जब हरि गीले नोट वापस रखता है, तो अनिल को निश्चित रूप से सब कुछ पता चल जाता है (“it was still wet from the night’s rain”)। लेकिन वह हरि को शर्मिंदा नहीं करता या पुलिस को नहीं बुलाता। इसके बजाय, वह उसे 50 रुपये देता है और कहता है “Now you’ll be paid regularly” (अब तुम्हें नियमित रूप से वेतन मिलेगा)। यह क्षमा और सुधार का एक शक्तिशाली कार्य है। वह उसे एक दूसरा मौका देता है, यह दिखाते हुए कि वह पैसे से ज़्यादा एक इंसान के भविष्य को महत्व देता है।

कहानी का विस्तृत सारांश (Detailed Summary of the Story) 📖

कहानी की शुरुआत एक wrestling match से होती है, जहाँ 15 वर्षीय चोर हरि सिंह, 25 वर्षीय लेखक अनिल को अपने अगले शिकार के रूप में चुनता है। वह अनिल से बात करने के लिए flattery (चापलूसी) का उपयोग करता है। अपना असली नाम छुपाकर वह खुद को “Hari Singh” बताता है और काम माँगता है। अनिल, जिसकी खुद की आर्थिक स्थिति “by fits and starts” चलती है, उसे वेतन तो नहीं दे सकता, पर खाना खिलाने के लिए राजी हो जाता है।

अनिल के घर पर, हरि का बनाया पहला भोजन भयानक होता है, लेकिन अनिल उसे भगाने की बजाय हँस देता है और उसे खाना बनाना सिखाने का वादा करता है। इससे भी बढ़कर, वह हरि को उसका नाम लिखना और फिर “write whole sentences” (पूरे वाक्य लिखना) और गिनती सिखाना शुरू कर देता है। हरि के लिए यह एक नई दुनिया थी। उसे एहसास होता है कि एक शिक्षित व्यक्ति के रूप में “there would be no limit to what I could achieve” (मैं जो कुछ भी हासिल कर सकता था उसकी कोई सीमा नहीं होगी)

लगभग एक महीने तक अनिल के लिए काम करने के बाद, हरि को अपना ‘असली काम’ करने का मौका मिलता है। अनिल एक किताब बेचकर ₹600 का एक “small bundle of notes” लाता है और उसे अपने गद्दे के नीचे रख देता है। हरि खुद को यह कहकर चोरी के लिए तैयार करता है कि अनिल वैसे भी ये पैसे अपने दोस्तों पर waste (बर्बाद) कर देगा और आखिरकार, “he doesn’t even pay me” (वह मुझे वेतन भी तो नहीं देता)

वह रात में पैसे चुराता है और स्टेशन की ओर भागता है ताकि “10.30 Express to Lucknow” पकड़ सके। लेकिन प्लेटफॉर्म पर, जब ट्रेन चल रही होती है, तो एक अनजानी hesitation (हिचकिचाहट) उसे रोक लेती है और वह ट्रेन चूक जाता है।

अब वह deserted platform (सुनसान प्लेटफॉर्म) पर अकेला है और बारिश में भीग रहा है। तभी उसका हृदय परिवर्तन होता है। वह चोरी हो चुके लोगों के चेहरों की अपनी “study” के बारे में सोचता है। उसे एहसास होता है कि अनिल के चेहरे पर पैसे खोने का दुख नहीं, बल्कि “a touch of sadness… for the loss of trust” होगी। उसे शिक्षा का महत्व याद आता है, जो उसे इन कुछ सौ रुपयों से कहीं ज़्यादा दे सकती है और उसे एक “really big man, a clever and respected man” बना सकती है।

वह वापस अनिल के कमरे में लौटता है और बहुत घबराहट के साथ गीले नोट वापस गद्दे के नीचे खिसका देता है। अगली सुबह, अनिल उसे 50 रुपये का एक नोट देता है जो अभी भी “wet from the night’s rain” (रात की बारिश से गीला) था। अनिल सब कुछ जानता था, लेकिन “neither his lips nor his eyes showed anything” (न तो उसके होठों ने और न ही उसकी आँखों ने कुछ दिखाया)। उसने बस इतना कहा, “आज हम वाक्य लिखना शुरू करेंगे।” अनिल के इस क्षमाशील व्यवहार ने हरि को हमेशा के लिए बदल दिया, और उसकी appealing smile पहली बार एक वास्तविक, सहज मुस्कान में बदल गई।

Internal Questions:

Q: How does the thief think Anil will react to the theft?

A: The thief thinks Anil will not be angry, but will only show a “touch of sadness.” He believes this sadness will be for the loss of trust, not for the loss of money.

Q: What does the thief say about the different reactions of people when they are robbed? A: Based on his experience as a thief, he says:

  • A greedy man shows fear.
  • A rich man shows anger.
  • A poor man shows acceptance.

Q: Does Anil realise that he has been robbed? A: Yes, Anil definitely realises it. The proof is the damp fifty-rupee note he gives to the thief the next morning. The note was still wet from the rain, showing Anil knew the thief had taken the money and later returned it.

Q1: Do you think people like Anil and Hari Singh are found only in fiction, or are there such people in real life?

A: People like Anil and Hari Singh can definitely be found in real life. While it may be rare to find someone as trusting and forgiving as Anil, many kind people believe in giving others a second chance. Similarly, many young people like Hari Singh might turn to crime due to poverty or bad company, but still have a conscience and the desire to become a better person.

Q2: Do you think it a significant detail in the story that Anil is a struggling writer? Does this explain his behaviour in any way?

A: Yes, it is a very important detail. Because Anil is a struggling writer:

  • He is not materialistic and understands that things like trust and education are more valuable than money.
  • As a writer, he values education deeply. That’s why his greatest gift to Hari is teaching him to read and write.
  • His profession makes him observant and understanding of human nature, which might be why he senses the good in Hari and decides to forgive him.

Q3: Can you think and imagine the circumstances that can turn a fifteen-year-old boy into a thief?

A: Yes, several unfortunate circumstances can turn a young boy like Hari Singh into a thief. These could include:

  • Extreme Poverty: Having no money for basic needs like food.
  • Lack of Family: Being an orphan or running away from home with no one to guide him.
  • Bad Company: Being influenced by other criminals or forced into a gang.
  • No Education: Feeling that there is no other way to earn a living.

Q4: Where is the story set? Which language or languages are spoken in these places? Do you think the characters in the story spoke to each other in English? A:

  • Setting: The story is likely set in a city in North India. Clues like the “Jumna Sweet Shop” (referring to the Yamuna river) and the “Lucknow Express” train point to this region.
  • Languages: The people there would most likely speak Hindi.
  • Conversation Language: No, the characters probably spoke to each other in Hindi. The story is written in English so that more people can read it, but their natural conversation would have been in their local language.

Long Answer Type Questions :-

Question 1: What are Hari Singh’s reactions to the prospect of getting an education? Do they change over time? What makes him return to Anil?

Answer: Initially, Hari Singh is excited about getting an education because he thinks it will make him a more clever and successful thief. He believes that being able to read and write would open up new possibilities for his crimes. However, his reaction changes after he steals Anil’s money. When he has the chance to escape, he realizes that education offers him a path to a respectable life and a real future, which is far more valuable than the stolen money. The desire to become a better person and the hope of learning makes him return to Anil.

Question 2: Why does Anil not hand over the thief to the police? Do you think most people would have done so? In what ways is Anil different from such employers?

Answer: Anil does not hand Hari over to the police because he is a kind and forgiving person who believes in giving people a second chance. He understands that Hari has realized his mistake and returned. Most people would likely have called the police out of anger and a sense of betrayal. Anil is different from other employers because he is trusting (he gave Hari a key), caring (he taught him to read and write), and compassionate. He chose to reform Hari through kindness rather than punish him.

Question 3: Do you think it a significant detail in the story that Anil is a struggling writer? Does this explain his behavior in any way?

Answer: Yes, it is a very significant detail that Anil is a struggling writer. This explains his behavior perfectly. As a writer, he understands people and values education. His irregular income makes him empathetic to others’ struggles and less concerned with money. His easy-going and trusting nature comes from a lifestyle that values relationships and human goodness over material wealth. This is why he was more interested in helping Hari become an educated man than in punishing him for a theft.

Another Important Question Answer

Q1: Who is ‘I’ in “The Thief’s Story”?

A: ‘I’ is the narrator, a 15-year-old experienced thief who introduces himself as Hari Singh.

Q2: What was Hari Singh “a fairly successful hand” at?

A: He was a fairly successful hand at stealing and robbing people.

Q3: What did Hari get from Anil in return for his work?

A: In return for his work, Hari received food, a place to sleep, and most importantly, an education—Anil taught him to read, write, and add numbers.

Q4: Why did Hari Singh lie about being able to cook?

A: He lied about being able to cook because he was desperate for a job and a place to stay, and he wanted to get into Anil’s confidence to eventually rob him.

Q5: How did Anil make a living?

A: Anil made money “by fits and starts” by writing articles and stories for magazines.

Q6: Why was it difficult for Hari Singh to rob Anil?

A: It was difficult to rob Anil because he was the most trusting person Hari had ever met. Robbing such a careless and trusting man took all the pleasure out of the work for the thief.

Q7: What was Hari Singh’s immediate reaction after stealing the money?

A: After stealing the money, he ran to the railway station to catch the 10:30 Express to Lucknow to escape.

Q8: What made Hari Singh hesitate and miss the train?

A: His conscience and the memory of Anil’s trust stopped him. He realized that leaving Anil meant losing the only person who cared for him and the chance to become an educated, respected man.

Q9: According to Hari, how do different people react to being robbed?

A: He says a greedy man shows fear, a rich man shows anger, and a poor man shows acceptance.

Q10: How did Anil know that the money had been stolen and returned?

A: Anil knew because the 50-rupee note he gave Hari the next morning was still damp from the rain the previous night when Hari had run away and then returned with the stolen money.

Q11: What does Anil’s reaction at the end of the story show about his character?

A: His reaction shows that he is a compassionate, forgiving, and understanding person. Instead of punishing Hari, he chooses to give him a second chance to reform himself.

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